CFPS EXAM EXAMPLE: Gravity Tanks

Choose the correct answer:

CFPS EXAM EXAMPLE: connection between the public and private fire service mains

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CFPS EXAM EXAMPLE: street mains supply size

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Interior Exit Stairways And Ramps Enclosures Fire Resistance.

Interior Exit Stairways And Ramps Enclosures.

Interior Exit Stairways And Ramps Enclosures . must be constructed as fire barriers according to Section 707 of the IBC, or as horizontal assemblies according to Section 711 IBC , or both.

Fire-Resistance Rating of Enclosures for interior exit stairways and ramps

1. Not less than 2 hours if connecting four stories or more.
2. Not less than 1 hour if connecting less than four stories.

Termination. 

Interior exit stairways and ramps shall terminate at an exit discharge or a public way.

Note:

1. The number of stories includes any basements but excludes mezzanines. The fire-resistance rating of the interior exit stairways and ramps should not be less than the floor assembly being penetrated, but it doesn't need to exceed 2 hours.
2. If a stairway or ramp does extend below the level of exit discharge, it must be equipped with an approved barrier at the exit discharge level. This barrier serves to prevent people from inadvertently continuing their descent into lower levels of the building.

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CFPS Exam Question Example (Fire pump suction under a positive pressure )

CFPS Exam Question Example ( Gravity tanks )

 

Q: What type of supply is considered acceptable as a single supply and is often made up of gravity tanks with adequate capacity and elevation?

 

a)       Secondary supply

b)      Cross-connected supply

c)       Dual supply system

d)      Primary supply

 Answer: D) Primary supply

FIRE PROTECTION HANDBOOK

15-64 SECTION 15 ■ Water Supplies for Fixed Fire Protection

Gravity Tanks

Gravity tanks of adequate capacity and elevation make a good primary supply and may be acceptable as a single supply.

CFPS Exam Question Example ( Size Of Street Mains supply )

Q:  What is the usual diameter considered inadequate and unreliable for street mains in the context of fire protection water supply?

 

a)       Less than 6 inches (152 mm)

b)      Less than 4 inches (102 mm)

c)       Less than 8 inches (203 mm)

d)      Less than 10 inches (254 mm)

 

Answer: A) Less than 6 inches (152 mm)

FIRE PROTECTION HANDBOOK

15-64 SECTION 15 ■ Water Supplies for Fixed Fire Protection

The size and arrangement of street mains and feeders from public water supplies are also important. Connections from large mains fed two ways or from two mains on a grid system may provide an excellent supply. Street mains less than 6 in. (152 mm) in diameter are usually considered inadequate and unreliable. Feeds from dead-end mains are also undesirable

IBC & SBC : Fire wall protection in Stepped buildings

Fire wall protection in Stepped buildings

1. Stepped buildings: This refers to buildings with different roof levels separated by a fire wall.

2- Termination of Fire Wall: If a fire wall also acts as an exterior wall for a building and separates buildings with different roof levels, it must terminate at least 30 inches (762 mm) above the lower roof level.

3. Fire resistance rating: the exterior wall for a height of 4.5 m above the lower roof is not less than 1-hour fire-resistance-rated construction from both sides with openings protected by fire assemblies having a fire protection rating of not less than ¾ hour.

4. Exception: There's an exception to the termination height requirement. If the fire wall terminates at the underside of the roof sheathing, deck, or slab of the lower roof, certain conditions must be met:

1. The lower roof assembly within 3.0 meters of the wall must have a fire-resistance rating of at least one hour.
2.  The supporting elements (such as beams or columns) for the rated roof assembly must have a fire-resistance rating of at least one hour for their entire length and span.
3. Openings in the lower roof must not be located within 3 meters of the fire wall.

These regulations aim to ensure that in buildings with different roof levels, fire containment and resistance are maintained adequately to prevent the spread of fire between sections or buildings.

CFPS Exam Question Example -operating principles can be used in a gas-sensing fire detector

 

 

CFPS Exam Question Example 

 Which operating principles can be used in a gas-sensing fire detector or a combination (multisensor) detector ?

A)      Semiconductor, catalytic element, or infrared absorption.

B)      Spot type, beam type, or air sampling type.

C)      Heat type, ionization type, or dual-sensor type.

D)      Optical type, thermal type, or particle type.

 

Answer: A) Semiconductor, catalytic element, or infrared absorption.

Section 14 

CHAPTER 2 ■ Automatic Fire Detectors 14-23

GAS-SENSING FIRE DETECTORS

Many changes occur in the gas content of the environment during a fire. It has been observed that detectable levels of gases are reached after detectable smoke levels and before detectable heat levels. One of three operating principles, that is, semiconductor, catalytic element, or infrared absorption, may be used in a gas-sensing fire detector or in a combination (multisensor) detector.

 

CFPS Exam Question Example : Which types of detectors are used to sense radiant energy emitted from combustion reactions?

CFPS Exam Question Example 

    Which types of detectors are used to sense radiant energy emitted from combustion reactions?

 

A)      Flame detectors and spark/ember detectors

B)      Smoke detectors and heat detectors

C)      Carbon monoxide detectors and gas detectors

D)      Motion detectors and occupancy sensors

 

Answer: A) Flame detectors and spark/ember detectors

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Section 14

CHAPTER 2 ■ Automatic Fire Detectors 14-23

RADIANT ENERGY–SENSING FIRE DETECTORS.

Radiant energy–sensing devices sense the radiant energy (electromagnetic radiation) emitted as a by-product of the combustion reaction, which obeys the laws of optics. This includes radiation in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared portions of the spectrum, emitted by flames or glowing embers. They are categorized as flame detectors and spark/ember detectors.

CFPS Exam Example question - Which of the following statements is true about UV detectors used for fire detection?

 

CFPS Exam Question Example 

Which of the following statements is true about UV detectors used for fire detection?

A) UV detectors are not sensitive to hydrocarbons or metals.

B)  UV detectors are sensitive to all types of fires except hydrocarbons.

C) UV detectors are sensitive to most fires, including hydrocarbons, ammonia, sulfur, hydrogen, hydrazine, and metals

D) UV detectors are not effective in detecting fires caused by middle and heavy fraction petroleum distillates.

Answer: c) UV detectors are sensitive to most fires, including hydrocarbons, ammonia, sulfur, hydrogen, hydrazine, and metals.

SECTION 14 

14-24 SECTION 14 ■ Detection and Alarm

Flame Detectors.

Ultraviolet Flame Detectors. 

The ultraviolet spectrum comprises wavelengths ranging from approximately 0.1µm to 0.35µm.  UV detectors typically use a vacuum photodiode Geiger-Muller tube to detect the ultraviolet radiation that is produced by a flame. The photodiode allows a burst of current to flow for each UV photon that hits the active area of the tube. When the number of current bursts per unit time reaches a set level, the detector initiates an alarm. A special control unit is required to monitor the count rates from UV detectors and initiate alarm.

UV detectors are sensitive to most fires, including hydrocarbons (liquids, gases, and solids), ammonia, sulfur, hydrogen, hydrazine, and metals such as magnesium. However, the smoke produced by combustion of middle and heavy fraction petroleum distillates is highly absorptive in the UV end of the spectrum, and this must be compensated for in system design if UV detectors are used

 

جدار الحريق فى الاسقف المائلة

جدران الحريق فى الاسقف المائلة

لضمان تحقيق الهدف من جدران الحريق يجب تحقيق بعض الشروط فى الاسقف المائلة مع بعض المتطلبات.

المتطلبات :

عندما تكون السقف من جهة واحدة أو كلا الجهتين لجدار الحريق مائلة نحو الجدار الحريق بميل يتجاوز 2 وحدة عمودية في 12 وحدة أفقية (2:12)، فيجب تحقيق بعض المتطلبات و هى تمديد جدار الحريق.

تمديد جدار الحريق بالطريقة التالية :

قياس ارتفاع السقف الموجود على بعد 1200 مم (1.2 متر) من جدار الحريق. إضافة 750 مم (0.75 متر) إلى هذا الارتفاع. يجب أن يمتد جدار الحريق إلى هذا الارتفاع المحسوب. ومع ذلك، إذا أسفر هذا الحساب عن ارتفاع أقل من 750 مم، فإن جدار الحريق يجب أن يمتد على الأقل إلى ارتفاع 750 مم.

المرجع:
1- الكود السعودى 201 : 706.6.2 Buildings with sloped roofs

Requirements for Fire Wall Extension in Buildings with Sloped Roofs

Introduction

Fire Wall Extension in Buildings with Sloped Roofs.

Requirement :

When the roof on one side or both sides of the fire wall slopes towards the fire wall at a slope greater than 2 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (2:12), certain requirements need to be met.

Extension of the Fire Wall

The fire wall needs to extend to a certain height to effectively contain a potential fire. This height is calculated as follows:

1.    Measure the height of the roof located (4 ft.) 1200 mm (1.2 meters) from the fire wall.
2.   Add (30 in.)750 mm (0.75 meters) to this height.
3.  The fire wall should extend to this calculated height.
4.  However, if this calculation results in a height less than (30 in.)750 mm, then the fire wall should still extend to a minimum height of (30 in.) 750 mm.

In essence, the regulation ensures that the fire wall extends to a sufficient height to properly contain any fire that might occur in buildings with sloped roofs, based on the slope of the roof and its proximity to the fire wall.

Reference :

2021 International Building Code (IBC)-706.6.2Buildings with sloped roofs.

SBC 201-2018: 706.6.2 Buildings with sloped roofs