Interior Exit Stairways And Ramps Enclosures Fire Resistance.

Interior Exit Stairways And Ramps Enclosures.

Interior Exit Stairways And Ramps Enclosures . must be constructed as fire barriers according to Section 707 of the IBC, or as horizontal assemblies according to Section 711 IBC , or both.

Fire-Resistance Rating of Enclosures for interior exit stairways and ramps

1. Not less than 2 hours if connecting four stories or more.
2. Not less than 1 hour if connecting less than four stories.

Termination. 

Interior exit stairways and ramps shall terminate at an exit discharge or a public way.

Note:

1. The number of stories includes any basements but excludes mezzanines. The fire-resistance rating of the interior exit stairways and ramps should not be less than the floor assembly being penetrated, but it doesn't need to exceed 2 hours.
2. If a stairway or ramp does extend below the level of exit discharge, it must be equipped with an approved barrier at the exit discharge level. This barrier serves to prevent people from inadvertently continuing their descent into lower levels of the building.

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CFPS Exam Question Example (Fire pump suction under a positive pressure )

CFPS Exam Question Example ( Gravity tanks )

 

Q: What type of supply is considered acceptable as a single supply and is often made up of gravity tanks with adequate capacity and elevation?

 

a)       Secondary supply

b)      Cross-connected supply

c)       Dual supply system

d)      Primary supply

 Answer: D) Primary supply

FIRE PROTECTION HANDBOOK

15-64 SECTION 15 ■ Water Supplies for Fixed Fire Protection

Gravity Tanks

Gravity tanks of adequate capacity and elevation make a good primary supply and may be acceptable as a single supply.

CFPS Exam Question Example ( Size Of Street Mains supply )

Q:  What is the usual diameter considered inadequate and unreliable for street mains in the context of fire protection water supply?

 

a)       Less than 6 inches (152 mm)

b)      Less than 4 inches (102 mm)

c)       Less than 8 inches (203 mm)

d)      Less than 10 inches (254 mm)

 

Answer: A) Less than 6 inches (152 mm)

FIRE PROTECTION HANDBOOK

15-64 SECTION 15 ■ Water Supplies for Fixed Fire Protection

The size and arrangement of street mains and feeders from public water supplies are also important. Connections from large mains fed two ways or from two mains on a grid system may provide an excellent supply. Street mains less than 6 in. (152 mm) in diameter are usually considered inadequate and unreliable. Feeds from dead-end mains are also undesirable

IBC & SBC : Fire wall protection in Stepped buildings

Fire wall protection in Stepped buildings

1. Stepped buildings: This refers to buildings with different roof levels separated by a fire wall.

2- Termination of Fire Wall: If a fire wall also acts as an exterior wall for a building and separates buildings with different roof levels, it must terminate at least 30 inches (762 mm) above the lower roof level.

3. Fire resistance rating: the exterior wall for a height of 4.5 m above the lower roof is not less than 1-hour fire-resistance-rated construction from both sides with openings protected by fire assemblies having a fire protection rating of not less than ¾ hour.

4. Exception: There's an exception to the termination height requirement. If the fire wall terminates at the underside of the roof sheathing, deck, or slab of the lower roof, certain conditions must be met:

1. The lower roof assembly within 3.0 meters of the wall must have a fire-resistance rating of at least one hour.
2.  The supporting elements (such as beams or columns) for the rated roof assembly must have a fire-resistance rating of at least one hour for their entire length and span.
3. Openings in the lower roof must not be located within 3 meters of the fire wall.

These regulations aim to ensure that in buildings with different roof levels, fire containment and resistance are maintained adequately to prevent the spread of fire between sections or buildings.

CFPS Exam Question Example -operating principles can be used in a gas-sensing fire detector

 

 

CFPS Exam Question Example 

 Which operating principles can be used in a gas-sensing fire detector or a combination (multisensor) detector ?

A)      Semiconductor, catalytic element, or infrared absorption.

B)      Spot type, beam type, or air sampling type.

C)      Heat type, ionization type, or dual-sensor type.

D)      Optical type, thermal type, or particle type.

 

Answer: A) Semiconductor, catalytic element, or infrared absorption.

Section 14 

CHAPTER 2 ■ Automatic Fire Detectors 14-23

GAS-SENSING FIRE DETECTORS

Many changes occur in the gas content of the environment during a fire. It has been observed that detectable levels of gases are reached after detectable smoke levels and before detectable heat levels. One of three operating principles, that is, semiconductor, catalytic element, or infrared absorption, may be used in a gas-sensing fire detector or in a combination (multisensor) detector.

 

CFPS Exam Question Example : Which types of detectors are used to sense radiant energy emitted from combustion reactions?

CFPS Exam Question Example 

    Which types of detectors are used to sense radiant energy emitted from combustion reactions?

 

A)      Flame detectors and spark/ember detectors

B)      Smoke detectors and heat detectors

C)      Carbon monoxide detectors and gas detectors

D)      Motion detectors and occupancy sensors

 

Answer: A) Flame detectors and spark/ember detectors

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Section 14

CHAPTER 2 ■ Automatic Fire Detectors 14-23

RADIANT ENERGY–SENSING FIRE DETECTORS.

Radiant energy–sensing devices sense the radiant energy (electromagnetic radiation) emitted as a by-product of the combustion reaction, which obeys the laws of optics. This includes radiation in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared portions of the spectrum, emitted by flames or glowing embers. They are categorized as flame detectors and spark/ember detectors.